The GIL and free-threading

medium

A timeline of who is executing bytecode, who is blocked on the GIL, and who is waiting on I/O. Run CPU-bound work with threads and only one row is ever green; switch on the free-threaded build (PEP 703) and the contention disappears without another line changing.

Worst depends on workload and strategySpace O(workers)
Loading the gil and free-threading

Read the questions this explains